By the fourth quarter of 2010, only 12.2% of postpartum women filled an opioid prescription, representing a decline of 30% (p<0.01), with codeine representing 71.9% of all prescriptions. Among postpartum women eligible for prescription drug coverage, 17.5% filled an opioid prescription in the third quarter of 2006 (immediately prior to publication of the case report), with codeine representing 89.8% of all prescriptions. The primary outcome was the rate of opioid prescribing to postpartum women. The intervention was the publication of a case report in 2006 attributing the death of a breastfeeding neonate to maternal codeine use. We conducted a cross‐sectional time series analysis of all publicly‐funded prescriptions for opioids to postpartum women in Ontario, Canada from Apto March 31, 2017. We examined whether a highly‐publicized 2006 case report questioning the safety of codeine during lactation was associated with changes in postpartum opioid prescribing. Opioids are commonly prescribed following childbirth, but data are lacking on trends in postpartum opioid prescribing over time.
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